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anti irf3  (Cell Signaling Technology Inc)


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    Structured Review

    Cell Signaling Technology Inc anti irf3
    Anti Irf3, supplied by Cell Signaling Technology Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 96/100, based on 484 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/irf+3/IRF-3+XP+Rabbit+mAb/pmc13011919-263-28-30
    Average 96 stars, based on 484 article reviews
    anti irf3 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    96/100 stars

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    Related Articles

    other:

    Article Title: The lysosomal LAMTOR-Rag complex functions as a checkpoint for antiviral interferon production
    Article Snippet: IRF-3 (IB 1:1000) , Cell Signaling Technology , #4302 (D83B9).

    Membrane:

    Article Title: Enhanced B cell electroporation efficiency via inhibition of DNA-induced apoptosis and pyroptosis with pan-caspase inhibitor.
    Article Snippet: .. The PVDF membrane was incubated with the following primary antibodies: PARP (46D11) (9532, 1:1000; CST), GSDMD (ab209845, 1:1000; Abcam), phospho-IRF-3 (Ser396) (29047, 1:1000; CST), IRF-3 (4302, 1:1000; CST), phospho-TBK1/NAK (Ser172) (5483, 1:1000; CST), TBK1/NAK (3504, 1:1000; CST), phospho-STING (Ser365) (72971, 1:1000; CST), STING (13647, 1:1000; CST), and GAPDH (ab181602, 1:1000; Abcam). ..

    Article Title: Microbial extracellular vesicles from min pigs remodel macrophage polarization via STING to sustain intestinal immune homeostasis
    Article Snippet: Next, the gel was prepared for Western blot analysis according to the SDS‒PAGE gel preparation kit (Beyotime P0012A China), and the proteins were transferred to a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane activated with methanol (Beyotime P0965 China) using transfer buffer (0.025 M Tris, 0.192 M glycine, and 20% methanol) after electrophoresis. .. The polyvinylidene fluoride membrane was blocked in PBST solution containing 0.01% Tween 20 and 5% skim milk at room temperature for 1 h. For detection of STING (Cell Signaling 13647 America), TBK 1 (Cell Signaling 3504 America), and IRF 3 (Cell Signaling 4302 America), phosphorylated TBK 1 (Cell Signaling D52C2 America), and phosphorylated IRF 3 (Cell Signaling E6F7Q America), for normal proteins, the PVDF membrane was incubated overnight at 4 °C in TBST solution containing 1% BSA and primary antibody (Cell Signaling 9997S America). ..

    Article Title: Microbial extracellular vesicles from min pigs remodel macrophage polarization via STING to sustain intestinal immune homeostasis.
    Article Snippet: Next, the gel was prepared for Western blot analysis according to the SDS‒PAGE gel preparation kit (Beyotime P0012A China), and the proteins were transferred to a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane activated with methanol (Beyotime P0965 China) using transfer buffer (0.025 M Tris, 0.192 M glycine, and 20% methanol) after electrophoresis. .. The polyvinylidene fluoride membrane was blocked in PBST solution containing 0.01% Tween 20 and 5% skim milk at room temperature for 1 h. For detection of STING (Cell Signaling 13647 America), TBK 1 (Cell Signaling 3504 America), and IRF 3 (Cell Signaling 4302 America), phosphorylated TBK 1 (Cell Signaling D52C2 America), and phosphorylated IRF 3 (Cell Signaling E6F7Q America), for normal proteins, the PVDF membrane was incubated overnight at 4 °C in TBST solution containing 1% BSA and primary antibody (Cell Signaling 9997S America). ..

    Incubation:

    Article Title: Enhanced B cell electroporation efficiency via inhibition of DNA-induced apoptosis and pyroptosis with pan-caspase inhibitor.
    Article Snippet: .. The PVDF membrane was incubated with the following primary antibodies: PARP (46D11) (9532, 1:1000; CST), GSDMD (ab209845, 1:1000; Abcam), phospho-IRF-3 (Ser396) (29047, 1:1000; CST), IRF-3 (4302, 1:1000; CST), phospho-TBK1/NAK (Ser172) (5483, 1:1000; CST), TBK1/NAK (3504, 1:1000; CST), phospho-STING (Ser365) (72971, 1:1000; CST), STING (13647, 1:1000; CST), and GAPDH (ab181602, 1:1000; Abcam). ..

    Article Title: Microbial extracellular vesicles from min pigs remodel macrophage polarization via STING to sustain intestinal immune homeostasis
    Article Snippet: Next, the gel was prepared for Western blot analysis according to the SDS‒PAGE gel preparation kit (Beyotime P0012A China), and the proteins were transferred to a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane activated with methanol (Beyotime P0965 China) using transfer buffer (0.025 M Tris, 0.192 M glycine, and 20% methanol) after electrophoresis. .. The polyvinylidene fluoride membrane was blocked in PBST solution containing 0.01% Tween 20 and 5% skim milk at room temperature for 1 h. For detection of STING (Cell Signaling 13647 America), TBK 1 (Cell Signaling 3504 America), and IRF 3 (Cell Signaling 4302 America), phosphorylated TBK 1 (Cell Signaling D52C2 America), and phosphorylated IRF 3 (Cell Signaling E6F7Q America), for normal proteins, the PVDF membrane was incubated overnight at 4 °C in TBST solution containing 1% BSA and primary antibody (Cell Signaling 9997S America). ..

    Article Title: Microbial extracellular vesicles from min pigs remodel macrophage polarization via STING to sustain intestinal immune homeostasis.
    Article Snippet: Next, the gel was prepared for Western blot analysis according to the SDS‒PAGE gel preparation kit (Beyotime P0012A China), and the proteins were transferred to a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane activated with methanol (Beyotime P0965 China) using transfer buffer (0.025 M Tris, 0.192 M glycine, and 20% methanol) after electrophoresis. .. The polyvinylidene fluoride membrane was blocked in PBST solution containing 0.01% Tween 20 and 5% skim milk at room temperature for 1 h. For detection of STING (Cell Signaling 13647 America), TBK 1 (Cell Signaling 3504 America), and IRF 3 (Cell Signaling 4302 America), phosphorylated TBK 1 (Cell Signaling D52C2 America), and phosphorylated IRF 3 (Cell Signaling E6F7Q America), for normal proteins, the PVDF membrane was incubated overnight at 4 °C in TBST solution containing 1% BSA and primary antibody (Cell Signaling 9997S America). ..

    Article Title: cGAS-IFN-I responses by extracting nuclear DNA from dying cells via nucleocytosis
    Article Snippet: Proteins were resolved on the NuPAGE 4–12% Bis-Tris Gel (Thermo Fisher Scientific), and electrotransferred to nitrocellulose membranes included in the iBlot Transfer Stack using the iBlot Dry Blotting System (Thermo Fisher Scientific). .. The membranes were blocked in 5% bovine serum albumin (BSA) in PBS with 0.1% Tween 20 and then incubated with primary antibodies against GAPDH (14C10; Cell Signalling Technology [CST], Danvers, MA, USA), IRF-3 (D83B9; CST), phosphorylated IRF-3 (p-IRF-3, Ser396) (4D4G; CST), TBK1/NAK (CST), p-TBK1/NAK (Ser172) (D52C2; CST), p44/42 MAPK (ERK1/2) (137F5; CST), p-p44/42 MAPK (ERK1/2, Thr202/Tyr204) (197G2; CST), stress activated protein kinase (SAPK)/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) (CST), and p-SAPK/JNK (Thr183/Tyr185) (G9; CST). .. After washing, the membranes were incubated with anti-rabbit horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated secondary antibody (CST) or anti-mouse IgG HRP-conjugated secondary antibody (CST), and detected by HRP chemiluminescence.



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    Image Search Results


    Schematic illustration of the ROS-responsive on-demand mild photothermal cascade platform for tendon rejuvenation in Achilles tendinopathy. The platform strategically modulates the mitochondrial-cGAS-STING-IRF3/NF-κB signaling axis and induces heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression to attenuate oxidative stress and cellular senescence within tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs). Consequently, it promotes tenogenic differentiation while abrogating aberrant osteogenic/chondrogenic lineage commitment. This cascade effect ultimately mitigates heterotopic ossification, enhances structural tendon regeneration, restores biomechanical function, and alleviates pain. Nanoparticle nomenclature: LA-NPs and TPA-TCNQ-NPs denote nanoparticles encapsulating LA or TPA-TCNQ individually; LT-NPs refers to the composite formulation consisting of a mixture of LA-NPs and TPA-TCNQ-NPs; and LT-NPs-NIR represents the LT-NPs mixture following 808 nm near-infrared (NIR) irradiation to activate the photothermal response and controlled payload release.

    Journal: Bioactive Materials

    Article Title: On-demand mild photothermal cascade platform reprogramming mitochondrial immunity for tendon rejuvenation

    doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.01.004

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic illustration of the ROS-responsive on-demand mild photothermal cascade platform for tendon rejuvenation in Achilles tendinopathy. The platform strategically modulates the mitochondrial-cGAS-STING-IRF3/NF-κB signaling axis and induces heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression to attenuate oxidative stress and cellular senescence within tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs). Consequently, it promotes tenogenic differentiation while abrogating aberrant osteogenic/chondrogenic lineage commitment. This cascade effect ultimately mitigates heterotopic ossification, enhances structural tendon regeneration, restores biomechanical function, and alleviates pain. Nanoparticle nomenclature: LA-NPs and TPA-TCNQ-NPs denote nanoparticles encapsulating LA or TPA-TCNQ individually; LT-NPs refers to the composite formulation consisting of a mixture of LA-NPs and TPA-TCNQ-NPs; and LT-NPs-NIR represents the LT-NPs mixture following 808 nm near-infrared (NIR) irradiation to activate the photothermal response and controlled payload release.

    Article Snippet: After blocking for 1 h, membranes were incubated overnight at 4 °C with primary antibodies against STING (13647, CST, USA; A21051, Abclonal, China), p-STING (72971, CST, USA; AF7416, Affinity, China), IRF3 (ab68481, Abcam, UK), p-IRF3 (29047, CST, USA), P65 (A22331, Abclonal, China; 8242, CST, USA), p-P65 (AP0124, Abclonal, China), P53 (10442-1-AP, Proteintech, USA), SOX9 (sc-166505, Santa Cruz, USA), BMP-2 (ab284387, abcam, USA), OCN (sc-390877, Santa Cruz, USA), and iNOS (ab178945, Abcam, USA).

    Techniques: Expressing, Formulation, Irradiation

    LT-NPs-NIR regulate the mtDNA-STING-IRF3/NF-κB pathway in macrophages. (A) Principal component analysis (PCA) of transcriptomic data from RAW 264.7 cells under different treatments. (B) Volcano plots comparing H 2 O 2 vs. Control (left) and LT-NPs-NIR vs. H 2 O 2 (right). (C) Heatmap of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with hierarchical clustering. (D, E) Gene Ontology (GO), KEGG, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) for H 2 O 2 vs. Control (D) and LT-NPs-NIR vs. H 2 O 2 (E). (F) Multi-SIM imaging showing mtDNA (magenta) and the mitochondrial outer membrane protein TOMM20 (green), with quantification of their colocalization. (G) Western blot analysis of key proteins in the cGAS-STING-NF-κB axis. Scale bar: 5 μm (F). Significance: ns, not significant; ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001.

    Journal: Bioactive Materials

    Article Title: On-demand mild photothermal cascade platform reprogramming mitochondrial immunity for tendon rejuvenation

    doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.01.004

    Figure Lengend Snippet: LT-NPs-NIR regulate the mtDNA-STING-IRF3/NF-κB pathway in macrophages. (A) Principal component analysis (PCA) of transcriptomic data from RAW 264.7 cells under different treatments. (B) Volcano plots comparing H 2 O 2 vs. Control (left) and LT-NPs-NIR vs. H 2 O 2 (right). (C) Heatmap of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with hierarchical clustering. (D, E) Gene Ontology (GO), KEGG, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) for H 2 O 2 vs. Control (D) and LT-NPs-NIR vs. H 2 O 2 (E). (F) Multi-SIM imaging showing mtDNA (magenta) and the mitochondrial outer membrane protein TOMM20 (green), with quantification of their colocalization. (G) Western blot analysis of key proteins in the cGAS-STING-NF-κB axis. Scale bar: 5 μm (F). Significance: ns, not significant; ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001.

    Article Snippet: After blocking for 1 h, membranes were incubated overnight at 4 °C with primary antibodies against STING (13647, CST, USA; A21051, Abclonal, China), p-STING (72971, CST, USA; AF7416, Affinity, China), IRF3 (ab68481, Abcam, UK), p-IRF3 (29047, CST, USA), P65 (A22331, Abclonal, China; 8242, CST, USA), p-P65 (AP0124, Abclonal, China), P53 (10442-1-AP, Proteintech, USA), SOX9 (sc-166505, Santa Cruz, USA), BMP-2 (ab284387, abcam, USA), OCN (sc-390877, Santa Cruz, USA), and iNOS (ab178945, Abcam, USA).

    Techniques: Control, Imaging, Membrane, Western Blot

    LT-NPs-NIR attenuate oxidative stress, preserve mitochondrial integrity, and suppress senescence in TSPCs by inhibiting the mtDNA-STING-NF-κB axis. (A) Schematic of the experimental design. (B) TSPC proliferation assessed by CCK-8 assay. (C, E) Immunofluorescence staining and quantification of HSP70 (n = 3). (D, F) Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) visualized by JC-1 staining (red: high potential; green: low potential) and quantification. (G) Multi-SIM of mtDNA (magenta) and TOMM20 (green) with colocalization analysis. (H) Western blot of cGAS-STING-IRF3-NF-κB pathway proteins. (I, K) Colony-forming unit fibroblast (CFU-F) assay and quantification of self-renewal capacity (n = 3). (J) Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity. (L, M) Apoptosis analysis by Annexin V/PI flow cytometry and quantification (n = 3). Scale bars: 100 μm (C); 5 μm (D, G); 200 μm (J). Significance: ns, not significant; ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001.

    Journal: Bioactive Materials

    Article Title: On-demand mild photothermal cascade platform reprogramming mitochondrial immunity for tendon rejuvenation

    doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.01.004

    Figure Lengend Snippet: LT-NPs-NIR attenuate oxidative stress, preserve mitochondrial integrity, and suppress senescence in TSPCs by inhibiting the mtDNA-STING-NF-κB axis. (A) Schematic of the experimental design. (B) TSPC proliferation assessed by CCK-8 assay. (C, E) Immunofluorescence staining and quantification of HSP70 (n = 3). (D, F) Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) visualized by JC-1 staining (red: high potential; green: low potential) and quantification. (G) Multi-SIM of mtDNA (magenta) and TOMM20 (green) with colocalization analysis. (H) Western blot of cGAS-STING-IRF3-NF-κB pathway proteins. (I, K) Colony-forming unit fibroblast (CFU-F) assay and quantification of self-renewal capacity (n = 3). (J) Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity. (L, M) Apoptosis analysis by Annexin V/PI flow cytometry and quantification (n = 3). Scale bars: 100 μm (C); 5 μm (D, G); 200 μm (J). Significance: ns, not significant; ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001.

    Article Snippet: After blocking for 1 h, membranes were incubated overnight at 4 °C with primary antibodies against STING (13647, CST, USA; A21051, Abclonal, China), p-STING (72971, CST, USA; AF7416, Affinity, China), IRF3 (ab68481, Abcam, UK), p-IRF3 (29047, CST, USA), P65 (A22331, Abclonal, China; 8242, CST, USA), p-P65 (AP0124, Abclonal, China), P53 (10442-1-AP, Proteintech, USA), SOX9 (sc-166505, Santa Cruz, USA), BMP-2 (ab284387, abcam, USA), OCN (sc-390877, Santa Cruz, USA), and iNOS (ab178945, Abcam, USA).

    Techniques: CCK-8 Assay, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Membrane, Western Blot, Activity Assay, Flow Cytometry

    Effects of 6-thio-dG and anti-PD-L1 antibody treatment on the cGAS-STING pathway and PD-L1 levels as well as immune cell infiltration in neuroblastomas of Th- MYCN ;Th- ALK F1174L mice. (a) cGAS, PD-L1, pIRF-3, and IRF-3 Immunoblot analysis of murine tumors of the distinct treatment groups ( n = 2 per group). Treatment of NHO2A cells with the STING agonist DMXXA (20 µM for 24 h) served as a positive control; HSP-90 served as loading control. (b) HE staining and immunohistochemical staining for CD45, CD4, CD8, CD19, and CD11b of tumors of the distinct treatment groups. Images of one representative tumor out of ten tumors analyzed per group are shown. Arrows highlight cells positive for the respective marker. (c) Quantification of immune cells in treated and control tumors. Cells from five fields of view from one tumor per treatment group were counted and compared by one-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Benjamini–Hochberg correction was performed to adjust for multiple testing. Details of comparisons are given in Supplementary Table 1.

    Journal: Oncoimmunology

    Article Title: Telomere damage enhances immunogenicity of neuroblastoma and accelerates response to anti-PD-L1 treatment

    doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2026.2653918

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of 6-thio-dG and anti-PD-L1 antibody treatment on the cGAS-STING pathway and PD-L1 levels as well as immune cell infiltration in neuroblastomas of Th- MYCN ;Th- ALK F1174L mice. (a) cGAS, PD-L1, pIRF-3, and IRF-3 Immunoblot analysis of murine tumors of the distinct treatment groups ( n = 2 per group). Treatment of NHO2A cells with the STING agonist DMXXA (20 µM for 24 h) served as a positive control; HSP-90 served as loading control. (b) HE staining and immunohistochemical staining for CD45, CD4, CD8, CD19, and CD11b of tumors of the distinct treatment groups. Images of one representative tumor out of ten tumors analyzed per group are shown. Arrows highlight cells positive for the respective marker. (c) Quantification of immune cells in treated and control tumors. Cells from five fields of view from one tumor per treatment group were counted and compared by one-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Benjamini–Hochberg correction was performed to adjust for multiple testing. Details of comparisons are given in Supplementary Table 1.

    Article Snippet: Primary antibodies used included PD-L1 (Cell Signaling, #D4H1Z (mouse) or #E1L3N (human); 1:1000), cGAS (Cell Signaling, #D3080 (mouse) or #D1D3G (human); 1:1000), IRF-3 (Cell Signaling, #D83B9; 1:1000), phosho-IRF-3 (Cell Signaling, #S396; 1:1000) and HSP-90 (Cell Signaling, #C45G5; 1:1000).

    Techniques: Western Blot, Positive Control, Control, Staining, Immunohistochemical staining, Marker

    Evidence for cGAS-STING pathway activity in human neuroblastoma. (a) CGAS expression in human neuroblastoma cell lines ( n = 14) compared with primary tumor samples ( n = 498, SEQC cohort). (b) cGAS, p-IRF-3, and IRF-3 Immunoblot analysis of THP-1 cells without treatment (positive control for cGAS protein expression), treated with diABZI (positive control for detection of pIRF-3), and five primary high-risk neuroblastoma tumors. (c) CGAS, STING1 , IRF3, and CD274 (PD-L1) expression in high-risk neuroblastoma samples at diagnosis ( n = 176) and in high-risk neuroblastoma samples under cytotoxic treatment ( n = 10).

    Journal: Oncoimmunology

    Article Title: Telomere damage enhances immunogenicity of neuroblastoma and accelerates response to anti-PD-L1 treatment

    doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2026.2653918

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Evidence for cGAS-STING pathway activity in human neuroblastoma. (a) CGAS expression in human neuroblastoma cell lines ( n = 14) compared with primary tumor samples ( n = 498, SEQC cohort). (b) cGAS, p-IRF-3, and IRF-3 Immunoblot analysis of THP-1 cells without treatment (positive control for cGAS protein expression), treated with diABZI (positive control for detection of pIRF-3), and five primary high-risk neuroblastoma tumors. (c) CGAS, STING1 , IRF3, and CD274 (PD-L1) expression in high-risk neuroblastoma samples at diagnosis ( n = 176) and in high-risk neuroblastoma samples under cytotoxic treatment ( n = 10).

    Article Snippet: Primary antibodies used included PD-L1 (Cell Signaling, #D4H1Z (mouse) or #E1L3N (human); 1:1000), cGAS (Cell Signaling, #D3080 (mouse) or #D1D3G (human); 1:1000), IRF-3 (Cell Signaling, #D83B9; 1:1000), phosho-IRF-3 (Cell Signaling, #S396; 1:1000) and HSP-90 (Cell Signaling, #C45G5; 1:1000).

    Techniques: Activity Assay, Expressing, Western Blot, Positive Control, Biomarker Discovery